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Sequence of Orders by Film Director during Shooting:
- “Lights on” - “Burning sir” response by Gaffer
- “Sound” – “Running sir” response after 5 seconds because of pre-roll
- “Start camera” – “Rolling sir”
- “Clap in” – example : 2/3 take 1, ‘2’ is scene number, ‘3’ is shot number
- “Clap out”
- “Action”
- “Cut”
- “OK’ or “Retake”
Sustaining cut will be used in between scenes. After ordering “Cut” by Director, Artist will be in the same position up to some time then camera will be cut.
Movement cut will be used generally at ending of the scene. This is the cut takes place while artist or object is moving.
Stage Business is the activity/work is being done by Actor/Actress while performing action. Then action seems natural.
Ex: cleaning vehicle, washing clothes, cooking etc.
Basic Technical terms related to film making
Frame is 1/24th second. For films, 24 frames per second and for Video, 25 to 29 frames per second
Shot is the duration from Camera switch on to the Camera Switch off. It is the combination of frames.
Scene is combination of number of shots related to same location or time
Sequence is the combination of scenes.
Plot is the arrangement of scenes in an order
Treatment is the arrangement of Sequences in an order
Cut combines two shots
Film Director is a person, who directs Film making. Total film will be in the control of Film Director from stage of Script to release of the film. At the time of Production, film director controls all the film crew like actors, technical crew etc .Film Director is also one of the film makers. Film Producer and Film Director are only two film makers. Some times, in some countries, Film Producer also controls the entire unit but direction of the film will depend on film director only.
Director of Photography/Cameraman looks after only camera work. He will not look the Lighting. In this case, Gaffer will looks after Lighting.
Cinematographer looks after camera work and Lighting. In this case, there is no need of Gaffer. Only different number of Assistants will be there to Cinematographer for different works like Lighting, camera operation etc.
Choreographer will compose fights and songs by sitting along with the Director.
Set may be natural or artificial and it may be at the place of Shooting/Shooting Spot/Location.
Location is the Shooting place, where the shooting is going on.
Call sheet is a statement containing the details of dates and working hours of the respective artist.
Queue is the last word of dialogue of front artist to another artist
Editing report is the report contains all the details of every shot taken during shooting
TCR is the Tape counter reading will be taken for video shooting. It is the ending time of the shot in Tape.
Cinematographer looks after Photography and Lighting
Director of Photography looks after only photography
Gaffer is a chief electrician or Unit electrician who handles the total lighting during shooting
Cinematography Department handles Camera, Lighting and Unit
Types of Video Cameras: VHS Camera, SVHS Camera, High Band Camera, Beeta Camera, Digi Beeta Camera, Digi Camera
Types of Movie Cameras: Michel camera, AERY 1, AERY 2, AERY 3, AERY 4, Steady cam
Different types of Lenses : Convex lens, concave lens, wide angle lens, Telephoto lens, Zoom Lens, 35mm Lens, 70mm Lens, 120mm Lens
Types of Scenes
- Major Scenes
- Lead Scenes (to any situations, fights or songs etc.)
- Link Scenes
- Enlargement scenes
- Introduction Scenes
- Establishment Scenes
Note:
- It is better to write screen play after finalizing all the locations. Then only better screen-play will produce according to the convenience of locations.
- Script will be consist of Action part left side and Dialogue part on the right side.
- Screen-play includes shot division, camera angles, camera movement, action part and Dialogue part.
- There is a difference between Director of Photography and Cinematographer.
- Camera eye is the Director’s eye and spectator’s (viewer’s) eye also.
- Film can called as Maxine
- Should not kept same shot immediately, long, mid, close this sequence is better
- In Video Cameras/Digital Cameras, when record button pressed, recording will not start immediately. There will be Pre Roll of time about 5 seconds. For film, there is no Pre Roll, recording starts quickly
- Created Characters must have the purpose
- OBV – Outside Broadcasting voice
- OSV – Off Screen Voice
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